Dallas: White Rock Lake Trails, Spanish Art and a City That Grew Too Fast
Bike 11 miles around White Rock Lake past the Dallas Arboretum blooms, visit the largest Spanish art collection outside Spain at SMU Meadows Museum, follow the extraordinary corporate suburbanization story from Plano to Frisco, hear the symphony in I.M. Pei Meyerson Hall, reflect in Philip Johnson Thanks-Giving Square spiral chapel, and understand how Dallas has reckoned with the Kennedy assassination over 60 years.
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White Rock Lake and East Dallas
White Rock Lake, a 1,254-acre reservoir in East Dallas created in 1911 as a municipal water supply, is now surrounded by 11 miles of hike-and-bike trail and serves as the primary urban nature recreation area for East Dallas residents. The lake supports migratory waterfowl, great blue herons, egrets, and a nesting bald eagle pair. The Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden on the southeastern shore covers 66 acres and hosts the Dallas Blooms festival each spring when over 500,000 blooms appear across the grounds. The Arboretum underwent a major expansion in 2012 adding the Rory Meyers Childrens Adventure Garden. The lakeside neighborhoods of Lakewood and M Streets contain some of the finest historic residential architecture in Dallas including Spanish Colonial, Tudor Revival, and Prairie-style houses built between 1920 and 1940.
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SMU and Highland Park
Southern Methodist University, founded in 1911 on a 234-acre campus in University Park designed in Georgian Colonial style with a consistent red brick and white trim palette, is one of the most architecturally coherent private university campuses in Texas. The Meadows Museum on the SMU campus holds the largest collection of Spanish art outside Spain, with over 230 works spanning from medieval to contemporary periods including significant paintings by Velazquez, Goya, and Miro. The surrounding University Park and Highland Park municipalities, often called the Park Cities, are among the wealthiest incorporated communities in Texas with median household incomes exceeding 200,000 dollars. The Highland Park Village shopping center, opened in 1931 and the first planned shopping center in the United States with integrated parking, is now a National Historic Landmark.
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Plano and Frisco Suburban Growth
Plano, 20 miles north of Dallas, grew from 17,000 people in 1970 to over 285,000 by 2020, one of the fastest sustained growth rates of any American city. The growth was driven by corporate relocations including JC Penney, Frito-Lay, Toyota North America, and Liberty Mutual establishing major campuses in Plano. Frisco, further north, grew from 6,000 in 1990 to 200,000 by 2020 and hosted multiple professional sports training facilities. The Dallas Cowboys World Headquarters in Frisco, called The Star, opened in 2016 as a 91-acre campus with a 12,000-seat indoor practice stadium, team offices, hotels, and restaurants. The rapid suburban growth of the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex, which added over 1.2 million residents between 2010 and 2020, makes it one of the fastest-growing major metropolitan areas in the United States.
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Dallas Symphony Orchestra and Meyerson Center
The Dallas Symphony Orchestra, founded in 1900 and one of the oldest orchestras in the American South, performs at the Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center designed by I.M. Pei and opened in 1989 at a cost of 81.5 million dollars. The hall was funded by a 10 million dollar naming gift from Ross Perot, with additional major gifts from the Meyerson family. The acoustic design by acoustician Russell Johnson is considered one of the finest examples of modern concert hall acoustics and has been widely studied by subsequent hall designers. The Dallas Opera, founded in 1957, and the Texas Ballet Theater also perform at the AT&T Performing Arts Center venues in the Arts District. Dallas supports one of the highest per-capita levels of arts organization funding of any major American city, driven by a culture of major philanthropic giving from the city wealth.
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Thanksgiving Square and Urban Spirituality
Thanks-Giving Square, a half-acre urban park and interfaith chapel in the heart of the downtown Dallas business district between Ervay, Bryan, and Pacific Streets, was designed by Philip Johnson and dedicated in 1976 as a place of nondenominational prayer and reflection. The chapel contains a 65-foot spiral interior rising to a stained glass ceiling called the Glory Window designed by Gabriel Loire of Chartres, France, representing the most extensive American commission in the dalle de verre stained glass technique. The Hall of World Thanksgiving presents documents and symbols of gratitude from 80 nations. The square is operated by Thanks-Giving Foundation, a nondenominational organization that has organized National Day of Prayer programming since 1965. The surrounding downtown business district contains several other significant architectural works including the 1978 Fountain Place tower by I.M. Pei.
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JFK Memorial and Dallas Civic Identity
The John F. Kennedy Memorial, designed by Philip Johnson and dedicated in 1970 at the corner of Main and Market Streets near Dealey Plaza, is a simple open concrete cenotaph roofless room that Johnson described as a place of quiet refuge. The memorial does not depict Kennedy or reference the assassination directly, presenting instead a geometric frame of weightless columns open to the sky as a space of remembrance. The relationship between Dallas and the Kennedy assassination has evolved over six decades from shame and defensiveness to a more complex acknowledgment that the city has become a site of historical significance. The Sixth Floor Museum attracts visitors from every country. The JFK Memorial and the nearby Dallas County Historical Plaza with the Old Red Museum, housed in the 1892 Romanesque Revival courthouse, form the primary heritage corridor of downtown Dallas adjacent to the assassination site.